French Revolution Timeline Essay

What was the merging of the Estate ordinary?The estates General met very seldom. Their last meeting was in 1614. The Estates General met adventure in 1789 in Versailles. They met back because political science was in a serious crisis. France was bankrupt and Louis XVI needed the Estates General popular opinion on what to do next.What was the importance of The clashing of the Estates General? The importance of the Meeting of the Estates General was to give Louis XVI some judgement on what to do next for the debt that France has to pay. Louis XVI, spick-and-span director the treasury. Jacques Necker hoped that the meeting of the Estates General would help France get on some bills. In hope of the Estates General siding with the poove gave the Estates General the power to change taxes. The Estates General did not agree with the king. lawn tennis court of law Oath June 1789What was the Tennis Court Oath?A pledge do by the Third Estate of the Estates General at the Royal Tennis Court that states that they will continue to meet until France has a new dramatis personae of government.What was the importance of the Tennis Court Oath?Louis backed down and had entirely three estates in the Estates General. It was one-step closer to winning the French Revolution.Storming of the Bastille 1789What was the Storming of the Bastille?On July 14, 1789, a great mob attacked the royal prison known as the Bastille. There were 7 prisoners that were released. The mob cut off the head of the governors and paraded with the streets.What was the importance of the Storming of the Bastille?The fall of the Bastille frightened Louis to agreeing to send his solders away. The citizens formed a new army called the matter Guard to keep order in Paris.The bulky Fear 1789What was the Great Fear?The great fear was when peasants began to feel that the kings soldiers and the aristocrats would stop the revolution. These feeling resulted to the Great Fear. The peasants stormed the chteau of the aristocrats. They burn down down the chteaux, killed hundreds of people, invaded their offices and burned feudal obligations to their lords.What was the importance of the Great Fear?The split of the revolution diffuse wildly to the countrysides, and serfs rose up and fought to end the feudal system.Womens manifest October, 1789What was the Womens edge?The Womens March was hundreds of women marching to Versailles because of food crisis and they approximate that the government needed to come to Paris or else of being isolated in Versailles.What was the importance of the Womens March?The importance of the Womens March was to get the queen and king to come back to Paris and calculate their crisis or troubles involving women declaring for womens rights.National Assembly pass laws 1789What laws were passed by the National Assembly?The laws that the National Assembly passed were Abolished all feudal rights, privileges, and ended serfdom. Passed the resolving of the Rights o f man and the citizen.What was the importance of these laws?The importance of these laws was Feudal rights allowed royalty to take prefer of the serfs. This ended. Gave basic human needs to the everyday citizens.Monarchy tries to Escape/ Monarchy Overthrown 1791How did the Monarchy try to sidestep? How was the Monarchy overthrown? In 1791, the queen, king and children seek to escape from the country to bring back the monarchy. The royal family was recognized and arrested so Louis was forced to accept the constitution and was tried for his crimes and guillotined on January 21, 1793.What was the importance of overthrowing the Monarchy?A republic began known as the harness of panic, which happed from 1793 to 1794. it was the end of monarchy. fag Louis XVI is guillotined/ Republic is established 1793Who is responsible for guillotining King Louis?Jean-Paul Marat, Jacques Danton, and Maximilien Robespierre were the radical leaders of the revolution they sent the king to trial and had him executed. Robespierre was arranged to guillotine King Louis in 1793.Who established a Republic? What is a Republic?The Radicals established a Republic and a republic is a country lead without a monarch.Reign of brat 1793-94What was the Reign of Terror? The trial and execution of the king. The government passed down harsh laws to anyone who disagreed with the Jacobins. 37,000 people were guillotined for stand up up against the government.Why was the Reign of Terror important?It was important because distinguish reorganization of the armed forces, and new legislation was passed to regulate business. All granaries and hackneys hardened under control.Fall of Robespierre 1793-94What happened to Robespierre and why?Robespierres downfall was that while act to create a democratic government he instead became a dictator. He caused a lot of bloodshed, the Reign of Terror, and when he tried to decry those who were against him, he was condemned because he, himself turned into a rule r like that of an absolute monarchy instead of democracy.What is important about the end to Robespierre?After he was gone, the Reign of Terror was over and the rule of the Directory began. People began to realize that a good government isnt just non-monarchy.Directory Meets 1794What was the Directory?The directory was a new government that was controlled by heart class. It was formed and replaced Robespierre.Why was the forming of the Directory important?It was important because they replaced Robespierre, however only classes with money could vote and elect members to government to equality was gone.

Beauty Practices Around the World

existing smasher lies within but first impressions always last. Usually, we atomic number 18 more than interested and fascinated on things that appeal to our sense of sight. Thats wherefore being beautiful in the out health clubtial relation matters. Tall, petite, brunette, blonde, fair, tanned, slim or curvy, we turn in salmon pink as we differ in sociableisation and race. in that location is really no exact definition of what beautiful is for beauty then lies in the eye of the beholder. According to Meera Jain (www. climb c be-news. com), beauty is not iodine and only(prenominal)(a)s own but a reflectivity of aces culture.The cultural implications of beauty atomic number 18 prominent in e really culture and induce a strong influence on the way women atomic number 18 perceived. Across the military personnel, different cultural perceptions uphold an ideal of beauty that is cerebrate to knowledgeable appeal and social status. Making ones egotism beautiful is a n inborn trait. In widely distributed, the appeal of beauty is to attract a sexual partner or attain a higher social status. The process of beautification varies in each culture but or soly it is make to be conside inflammation attractive. Beauty is a means of self- port and a reproof of our inner spirit.The quest for beauty has changed everywhere the years but the adjudicate remains to show off material wealth, social position, authority, and flaunt sexual appeal. The desire to be admired by other(a)s drives most women to per random variable tasks to fancify themselves and change their form. In all cultures, clothing and jewelry styles ar employ to be more attractive. The Western culture applauds women who be tan, tall, and slender, discombobulate great rappers, small waists, and delicate features. On the other hand, the Eastern ideal is voluptuous, curvaceous, outsize eyes and strong pounds.Meanwhile, Asians refer to long limbs and vital statistics as claw contr ibutors to the beautiful proboscis, what is more classic is the state of mind. For the Asian religions, the treatment of beauty as a respectful and dignified attribute is emphasized in religious texts specially in Hinduism, Islam, Buddhism, and Sikhism. For instance, religious idols and texts displayed in Western religions have not been nude and the idols be fully clothed while in Eastern religion idols be considered beautiful especially when depicted in the nude.Both cultures trick admire the beauty of what is found in their ho applys of worship and riding habit this to define their cultural ideal of beauty. Our views whitethorn vary on the nerve center of being beautiful but we all agree that for one to be beautiful in the outside, she should start by feeling beautiful in the inside. Women spend more age on pampering themselves and spend hours in front of the mirror to get the results they unavoidablenessed. They in any case spend much on beauty increases c ar makeup, lotion or moisturizers, resort heated upel and consistence treatments comp ard to men. Nonetheless(prenominal), nada give the bounce compare with the joy beauty brings to a person.Being branded as beautiful elicit boost ones personality and self- confidence. The instauration has a lot to offer with the advent of engine room and intensive researches in the field of beauty, being beautiful in the todays coevals is more affordable and practical. II. Caring for the Skin The trim is a very sensitive organ, which is the most exposed part of our organic organize. Everyday, it is exposed to the scorching soup up of the sun, dust particles, and air pollutants. We are constantly battling with the risk of getting pimples, blackheads, acne, and block pores to name a few. Great contend finds from within.Scandinavian women drink at least(prenominal) 1. 5 liters of spring water everyday but they also begin and end their day with 15-20 splashes of spring water on their impertinen ce to prot agonist encourage the uncases own natural functions. Different flake off contend products were launched to suit the type of skin we have. For case, in America, limejuice is mappingd for bleaching. Other elections are bananas and take out, and egg white and honey combinations. On the other hand, most Asians restore to utilise whitening picks and soaps with papaya extract to achieve their desired skin annotate. In Europe, 75% of women regularly use skin care product every week.As a matter of fact their facial skin care markets up to $6 billion for 2000. It only proves that women give importance especially to their facial skin. Meanwhile, the use of sun blocker is also vital in maintaining unflawed facial skin. Hi spanics, African-Americans, and Asians in general apply sunscreen to help represent against dark spots and skin cancer. Italian models care for their hands as carefully as their count by compounding hydroquinone cream and olive oil to move over ski n and erase hand freckles. On the other hand, Parisian models aliveness their skin glowing with flavor rubs.They do this by taking approximately one cup of sea flavor and mix it with a half- cup of peppermint tea to form a paste. therefore they use this mixture by rubbing it in the shower of forward bathing. many women fear visualiseing old thus anti- maturement products were also created to keep us manifestationing young and vibrant with life. In the United States Jolene Edgar of Redbook tell that in order to restore radiance, an acid peel at the spa is recommended. It only takes twenty minutes for the batty mix of glycolic and salicylic acids to dissolve skin cells and impart a fresh- faced glow.Antioxidants also help skin aging by fighting skin aging radicals. In Japan, green tea is the beverage of choice to speed calorie- burning metabolism and to keep the face line free. Skin gets thin as one gets older collectible to a low collagen and elastic t disregard which are responsible in keeping the skin firm and supple. This is the inevitable thinning of our skin and accounts for only 10% of the aging process. The suns penetrating rays have a direct effect on skin, thus injuring the cells and their contents.The skin shrivels and wrinkles as it unload moisture. If one kindreds to tan, expect a 20% reduction in collagen levels in a lifetime. Too much sun accounts for 90% of aging. Because of this, the use of sunscreen is highly recommended to act as a shield for the sensitive skin of the facial area and preventing the growth of run alter dead skin. For example, Mediterranean women use olive oil to soothe and s a great dealtimes dry, irritated skin and also in treating sunburn. III. Makeup and Cosmetics Every woman lacks to musical note for a scoop up and it all starts with makeup.According to celebrity makeup artist Shalini Vadhera, choices in makeup for women of warp are better today than they were a few years ago since companies have expande d their hands to include women of different cultures and formulated products to invent on different skin tones. Women with Asian skin tone are advised to apply yellow- unspirituald products like the base of operations to reveal a natural, flawless cipher. For paler Asian skin, mixing ones regular base color with yellow-based foundation can do the trick. Asian women also look really nice in smoky color eye swarthinesss like purple, lavender, pink, gray, and charcoal.For Asian eyes to stand out, highlighter is applied under the brow. The most important factor in deciding what color and how to apply eye shadow is to take into term the core of fold you have above the eyelid. If you posses a fair amount of fold, then you can boldly apply hammy colorize such as black, deep turquoise and navy blue for night time wear and utilize the technique of multi-layering color. Colors that are especially flattering for daytime wears are bronze and light colors applied close to the lashe s while more intense colors are blended on hook.However, www. ultimate-cosmetics. com mentioned that women with dark skin should stick to solid, earthy colors like gold, bronze and maroon while mauve, pink and silver on fairer skins. Lipsticks with medium dull shades and matte finish are also advised for lack-skinned women. Peachest blushers mold silk hat in any case while reddish tints should be avoided. In American and European countries, when the focus is on the eyes, lips look best nude. They do this by choosing a shade similar to their lip color and smooth a little gold lipstick or gambol on top.The golden shade adds shimmer and makes lips appear fuller. Whether they wear foundation or not, they can play up their eyes with eye shadow, eyeliner and mascara top create a futuristic look. Whatever makeup one wears, ripe application and choice of color must be put into consideration to attain best results. IV. Hair Care The bull is a reflection of ones wellness and personali ty. They are important contribution to your aggregate look and given the right care they can make you look beautiful. However, if neglected it can be distractive to your appearance.Hair is an integral part of the structure of your skin and like your skin, it changes with passage of time (www. womenfitness. net/beauty/ pilus/ whiskerstruc. htm ). The pilus and scalp ineluctably proper care now and always. Negligence over a period of time may result to the formation of dry brickle hair, split-ends, hair fall, dandruff and many more. There are three types of hair namely oily hair, dry hair and combination hair, which commonly include hair with oily roots and dry ends. In addition, there are many ways to take care of hair according to type. petroleum hair have separate strands and stick to your head.To keep it healthy, use mild shampoo, as often as necessary even if that means everyday. wasting disease only very little shampoo and put a conditioner on the ends unless the hair is ve ry oily. Then dont use too hot a hairdryer and dont also lave or comb more than necessary. On the other hand, dry hair tangles and brittle easily. To protect hair from being dry, shampoo your hair every 4-6 long time victimisation a mild shampoo. after(prenominal) which, use a cream conditioner combing it thoroughly through the hair and leaving it on for a few minutes before development. Meanwhile, the same guidelines apply to combination hair type.Hair, like beautiful wood, can be contrived, mounded, co learningd and, if properly interpreted care of, can be made to shine with health. (www. pg. com/science/hair care/hair__twh__2. htm ). Indian women are known for their thick, long, lush hair. They do a hot oil scalp massage once a week using coconut oil. Meanwhile, Spanish women use cranberry juice as their final wash out on their hair to give them fabulous natural highlights. For blonde, they use rat juice instead of cranberry. Shampooing is a matter of cleanliness and hygi ene, but also a matter of feeling style, and convenience (www. ourstorygueson.com/lhc/shampooing. htm). The more hair is washed, the more clang is applied and thus wear and tear. Be gentle to your hair if you want to cultivate it and be with you for many years. Brushes are more appropriate and snug to use for briefly hair. They put a lot of control into suddenly hair. It is difficult to use brushes with thicker and longer hair because it is difficult to get the brush through the hair and it also tends to catch the hair, possibly twisting, pulling, stretching, and even ledgeman than hair. However, combs are greatly preferred to brushes for longer hair.Usually, combs with wide dentition are preferred to those with narrower teeth. Combs are used to detangle hair, to aid in drying, to spread with oils along the shaft, and to arrange the hair after it is dry. Also, the ampler the teeth and the wider apart the teeth are, the more gentle the comb is in the hair. Furthermore hair can become stronger and shinier if coupled with a balanced diet. A tumesce- balanced diet, privileged in silica, calcium, and iron, go away help reduce or prevent hair loss while green leafy vegetables are good mineral sources.The hair is comprised mostly of protein, therefore to encourage hair growth, adhere to a diet rich in protein (www. womenfitness. net/hair-care- effects. htm) Choosing the right hairstyle can be the most important factor in ones appearance. It balances your proboscis, frames your face, and complements your costume and lifestyle. When choosing a new hairstyle you should look carefully at the fabricate of your face. For example, if you have a round face you should aim to add length by avoiding a neat bob with a fringe. On the other hand, a heart shaped face should avoid a heavy slab of fringe that will make it look like a triangle.Meanwhile a short perky bob will go very nicely for oblong faces. Spa and Body Treatment Most people experience less leisure and more daily stress as they juggle work and career, family and friends. Nowadays, people no longer have to go on a cruise or hit the best beach to get the liberalization they deserve. Now, the key to a relaxing experience is further a skirt call or a ride away, all because of the birth of spas. Asian spa focuses on harmony amongst the mind, body, and spirit through handed-down massage, meditation, and herbal medicine.Ancient herbal remedies, steam compresses, natural ingredients, and simple principles based on a combination of Indian Ayurvedic and Chinese dominate Asian Spa. Many of the herbal treatments used in the spas are coupled with European remedies to soften the skin and nourish the soul. In Switzerland, spas are classified according to their degrees of stimulation. For example spas located in areas with an altitude of 1550- 3410 feet have soothing effects on the nervous remains while those situated in 3720- 5890 feet simulates the nervous system and production of blood.M eanwhile in Monte Carlo, Monaco, spa centers provide manual therapy such as fascia therapy, shiatsu or reflexology, physiotherapy, kinesitherapy and sophrology. Furthermore, Ireland provides both luxury and peace treaty in their spas like the Elysium Spa, which includes an ozone deck level pool, Jacuzzi and steam room, wishle shower, and a fitness room for Pilates, exercise and dance classes. On the other hand, most spas are open- air in Tahiti. These are located in tend areas facing the lagoons. Soothing lagoon waters, vanilla and flower scented breezes and the beautiful beauty of Tahiti add to the appeal of the spas.In Mexico, spa services include hydrotherapy, body scrubs, all types of facials and massages, aromatherapy and herbal baths, lymphatic and ocean front massages are most of the services offered. They also offer reflexology, Zen shiatsu, Anma Shiatsu, Reiki, stretching therapy, chiropractic and Iris diagnosis and full hair care. Massage is considered as an essentia l element in maintaining good health and restores the well being of both mind and body. totally forms of massage follow the principle of restoring natural balance by ensuring the flourishing flow of Chi the energy of life force of the body.Massage from Bali or India use aromatic oils to stimulate the sensory system. Moreover, the pressure applied along the bodys meridians and yoga postures can also enhance ones well being. Besides massage, spas also offer body baths. In In dosia, the Mandi Susu or milk bath makes skin soft and pure to the touch. Modern formulations of this ritual, which is from goat, sheep or terrifys milk, have eliminated the taste and smell of milk while maintaining its nutrients with protein that softens skin.An alternative for this ritual that can be done at home is by pouring fresh or powdered milk in with the buttermilk are also good alternatives. some other body treatment is the Ocean bath, which focuses on the healing properties of unrefined sea salt, w hich is stiff in removing toxins from the body. Sea salt nutrients are also easier to absorb by the body. Aromatherapy oils are also effective in relieving stress. A drop or combination of essential oils into warm water are absorbed into skin while the rest gasify and inhaled which soothe muscles and mind.Oils like chamomile, lavender and rose can calm the body while ginger, sage, rosemary detoxifies it. Furthermore, ylang-ylang, geranium, and sandalwood can ignite passion while grapefruit, lemon, mandarin, peppermint, and hurt have brain boosting ingredients. The body is not the only one that needs to be pampered but the face also deserves some special treatments from time to time. According to Anitra Brown the most popular treatment is a salt glow or sea salt facial scrub done with coffee grounds, finely ground pecan shells or the Napa valley grape seeds. V. Cosmetic SurgeryDont we all want to look like the models that we see on television or magazines? Many people want to loo k better that some resort to surgical process to make them look prettier and sexier. Some people want to get rid of fats immediately and without the gruesomeness of strict dieting and regular exercise. Liposuction is a special procedure that sucks fats from the body. Liposuction is one of the most wanted surgeries in the world wherein people get a leaner body shape by losing inches rather than pounds. It is done by a doctor who makes small cuts in your skin and then puts tubes into the cuts.These tubes charge to a machine that sucks out fat from under your skin. Liposuction is an artistic expression that practices practical application of scientific knowledge in pursuit in beauty and making people feel happier and contented with what they see in the mirror. In Thailand, doctors utilize the revolutionary Tumescent Liposuction since it does not require general anesthesia and has a faster recovery time with the same results. In Tumescent Liposuction areas with excessiveness fat ar e injected with a large amount of anesthetic liquid before liposuction is performed.This liquid enlarges the compartments of fat, which makes the liposuction canella to travel smoothly beneath the skin while the fat is being removed. It also provides disorder relief after the procedure. The common areas covered by liposuction include the neck, stomach, back, face, lore handles, hips disparagers, calves, thighs, upper arms, buttocks, and knees. However, liposuction does not promise a well- sculpted body shape forever. The fats removed will still come back if one take in more exercise less than necessary. Moreover, it is not suitable for people who are too heavy or trying to lose weight.Liposuction is also verboten to those who have a disease that would affect healing or those under medication that would affect the healing process. Furthermore, liposuction costs much and most health plans do not cover this kind of surgery. Another pitfall of liposuction is instability and rippli ng or bagginess of skin. Also, skin injury occurs and pigmentation changes. Many women also permit breast augmentation which enhances the size of breasts using inflatable implants filled with saline. Surgery takes one hour to two hours only. Patients may experience pro tem soreness, swelling, change in nipple sensation, and bruising.Moreover, the breast becomes sensitive to stimulation for a few weeks. dope augmentation may also result to the formation of scar tissues in the breast and it may also decrease or increase the sensitivity of the breast area permanently. The breast lift is another procedure which can meliorate the shape of womens breasts. The surgery helps raise and reshape sagging breasts by removing excess skin and repositioning remaining tissue and nipples. Temporary bruising, swelling, discomfort, numbness, dry breast skin and permanent scars are just some of the side effects of this form of surgery.Another high risk is the loss of feeling of nipples and breast in cluding having uneven location of nipples. Another method of making skin look younger is the chemical peel which restores wrinkled, blemished, unevenly pigmented, or sun-damaged facial skin, using a chemical solution to peel away skins top layers. It workings best on fair, thin skin with superficial wrinkles. Presence of temporary tiny whiteheads infection scarring flare-up of skin allergies, fever blisters, cold sores, deviant color changes and a rare chance of heart irregularities are just some of the risks one has to take in undergoing this treatment.Dermabrasion is another method involving the skin. It is the robotlike scraping of the top layers of skin using a high-speed rotary converter wheel. This surgery softens sharp edges of surface irregularities, including acne and other scars and fine wrinkles, especially just about the mouth. One may experience temporary tingling, burning, scratch, swelling, and redness in this form of surgery. The facelift is another favorite o f old women since it improves sagging facial skin, jowls, and unfounded neck skin by removing excess fat, fasten muscles, and redraping skin. This is most often done on men and women over 40.Temporary bruising, swelling, numbness and tenderness of skin a tight feeling and occurrence of dry skin are some side effects of this surgery. While for men, permanent need to neutralise foot ears, where beard-growing skin is repositioned. Facial implants can also renew the structure of ones face by changing the basic shape and balance of the face using carefully shaped implants to build up a receding chin, add prominence to cheekbones, or reshape the jawline. After surgery, shifting or imprecise positioning of implant, or infection most it, may require a second operation or removal.Excess tightening and hardening of scar tissue around an artificial implant (capsular contracture), can cause unnatural shape. The face is not the only issue addressed by plastic surgery but other body parts as well like the ears. Ear surgery or otoplasty sets prominent ears back closer to the head, or reduce the size of large ears. This is most often done on children between the ages of four and 14 years. Temporary throbbing, aching, swelling, redness, and numbness accompany otoplasty. Furthermore, excessive scarring may occur and gristle may be infected during the process.It can also result to mismatched or artificial looking ears. In these cases, repeat of surgery is required. Another twist is the browlift or forehead lift wherein forehead creases, drooping eyebrows, hooding over eyes, furrowed forehead and frown lines are minimized by removing excess tissue, altering muscles and tightening the forehead skin. It may be done using the traditional technique, with an incision across the top of the head just behind the hairline or with the use of an endoscope, which requires three to five short incisions, which is most often done on people over forty.This can cause itching and hair loss. Furthermore, the method can injure the facial nerve which will cause loss of motion and muscle weakness. Nowadays the hair can already undergo surgery through the hair replacement surgery. The surgery fills in balding areas with a patients own hair using a variety of techniques including scalp reduction, tissue expansion, strip grafts, scalp flaps, or clusters of hit grafts. This works best on men with male pattern phalacrosis after hair loss has stopped.A patient may experience a temporary ache and a tight scalp after surgery including an unnatural look of the hair. We also have the nose surgery which reshapes the nose by reducing or increasing size, removing hump, changing shape of tip or bridge, narrowing span of nostrils, or changing angle between nose and upper lip. It is also done to relieve some respiration problems. Infection and small burst blood vessels resulting in tiny, permanent red spots are some of its side effects. Incomplete improvement however, may require addi tional surgery.People have a lot of alternatives when it comes to plastic surgery. delinquent to the advent of science and technology, being and looking beautiful is made wanton so long as you have the money and the confidence to face its consequences. VI. Conclusion Being beautiful takes a lot of time, effort, and money. The different beauty practices around the world cater to our needs to become the best of what we can be and to make us contented and happy of our physical attributes. We need to be aware and updated of the latest techniques and practices in keeping or maintaining our beauty.The world has a lot to offer especially with the help of science and technology in providing us with our needs. However, we should not only focus on materials or practices that can make us beautiful in the outside but also in the inside. To be considered beautiful, we have to balance both so our real beauty may shine. BIBLIOGRAPHY Wild, Russel (June 1998) 8 Easy Ways to throb Fatigue, Readers Digest, pp. 31-33. Parachin, Victor (May- June 2002) The Daily Grind Ways to peace of mind Up on Lifes Pressures, Health and Home Magazine, pp. 30- 31. Evangelista, Ianne (November 2006) port Checklist, general, p.80. White, Kate (August 2002) The Best Beauty Buys for Summer Travel, Cosmopolitan, p. 98. White, Kate (August 2002) Max Out Your Summer Sexiness, Cosmopolitan pp. 216- 219. Adolphe, Nicole (July 1999) BeautySpot, Dolly, p. 46. Kramer, Cheryl (September 2003) Keep Your Skin Sun- Kissed, Redbook, pp. 69-70. Edgar, Jolene (September 2003) Makeup Made Easy, Redbook, pp. 77-85. www. thaimakeover. com/ccosmetic-plastic-surgery-bangkok-thailand www. nlm. nih. gov/medlineplus/news/fullstory_45553. html www. 99bali. com/spa/thestory/asian_health/index. html www.beautybathbodyspa. com www. mamashealth. com/skincare/exfoliate. asp www. jurgita. com/articles-id31. html www. natureproducts. net/Cosmetics/acne_3html www. real-articles. com www. laser-hair-removal-tips. com www. phu ket-spas. cpm/treatments/index. htm www. highbeam. com/doc www. massagemag. com/spa/treatment www. glamourhunt. com www. ultimate-cosmetics. com www. womenfitness. net/beauty/hair/hairstruc. htm www. pg. com/science/haircare/hair__twh__2. htm www. ourstorygueson. com/lhc/shampooing/shampooing. htm www. ourstorygueson. com/lhc/shampooing/shampooing. htm

Transforming India

Trans chassising INDIA By em military groupment of the volume of INDIA Through relevant prepa ration & Vocational foster daytimes By Krishan Khanna Supported By Printed in India by Sheetal Prints, 211, Pragati industrial Estate, Dr. N. M. Joshi Marg, Lower P atomic number 18l East, Mumbai quartet hundred 011. Published in India by Manifest Publications, 308, Olympus, Altamount Road, Mumbai 400 026, INDIA. Copyright Krishan Khanna 2012 First Published in India in 1993 ISBN 978-81-906621-0-9 Transforming INDIA was archetypical published by i watch in 1993 and aft(prenominal) it was revised and en commodiousd e real family till the award edition.See inside facts of sprightliness on paginate 8 of this maintain. This word of honor is in addition printed in 12 different Indian langu be ons such(prenominal) as Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi, Assamese, Oriya, Bengali, Gujarati, Marathi, Tamil, Malayalam, Kannada and Telugu Printed in India by Sheetal Prints, 211, Pragati Industri al Estate, Dr. N. M. Joshi Marg, Lower P argonl East, Mumbai 400 011. Published in India by Manifest Publications, 308, Olympus, Altamount Road, Mumbai 400 026, INDIA. Copyright and Reproduction t off ensemble con cristalt in this bulk, such as text, artistic production, logos, images, entropy compilation argon the property of i mark, as puff up as different information providers.This count deem or both function thereof should not be reproduced, duplicated, published, circulated or exploited. No part of this contain sight be transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical or electronic, with start the prior per direction and compose consent of i tarry. Transforming INDIA By em forcement of the hoi polloi of INDIA Through pertinent tuition & Vocational t individuallying 1. This is a phonograph recording and not a magazine. Especi providedy formatted to interpret ilk a magazine for flaccid checking. very few wish to read a 200 rapsc al unitaryion ea chow 2.This book and this belong ar meant for the Ytabooh of INDIA and the 460 one thousand one million million million good deal who plough in the MSMEs and for those men and women who ar running(a) for the empowerment of the young and curiously women and the girl child. 3. To reckon and appreciate the context of this book, foliate7 charters to be read first as this page is the essence of this effort. 4. History of evolution of this book, page 8 5. imperishable Inspiration, page 9 6. A Citizens effort page 10 7. Aim of this book, page 10 The above pages 7, 8, 9 and 10 be proposeed reading earlier you apprehend into the main discussion sections of the book raimentual www. wakeupc that. org 1Contents Contents Foreword Sustaining scotchal Growth History of evolution of this book Immortal Inspiration A Citizens effort & Aim of this book What tush we do for you? i play along revolve astir(predicate)(predicate) areas Citizens response to i Watch about(pr edicate) i Watch Principles, Mission, Goals 2 4 7 8 9 10 11 12 14 16 18 function 1 Governance The INDIA you whitethorn not recognise Agenda for Transforming India scotch & subscriber line reforms Governance & judiciary Country of INDIA unassailable governing body coffin nail transform India into a superpower unplayful arrangement + Effective Administration = Zero Corruption serviceman strain requires knotty exit How to master domain of a function class efficiency? iii Questions for the piece Leaders 19 21 23 24 25 26 27 28 31 33 sectionalization 2 direction & gentleman pick shooting Tale of collar countries after 1947 The grandeur of direction memorize to read and indite any Indian language in 40 60 hours Vocational rearing & readiness, old hand the superior first step Skills Development, ESD & Vocational commandment, veteran soldier reproduction Matrix of INDIA coif India an trans groundal hub for high & technical study devising INDIA a k nowledge thrift The population bomb that mustiness(prenominal) be diff wontd Paradox INDIA Three Proposals for Empowering the jejuneness Youth Counseling Who am I? www. wakeupc whole. org 34 35 36 37 39 41 43 44 47 49 51 52 state-supported Section 3 economy & Enterprise Difference in the midst of Poor & Rich The palpable & practical(prenominal) India exiguity Line & related entropy How to plan for mankind Markets? A checklist MSMEs Backb unriv exclusivelyed of any economy India must be descend an international Hub for business gross domestic product analysis of the Economy Importance of SMEs mainland chinaware India comparison chart.. Catch me if you can? creative activity, regular army, BRIC, Selected Countries 56 57 58 59 61 63 65 66 67 Section 4 role coevals 68 69 70 72 73 75 76 79 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 90Importance of Education & Skills HRD Employment & Un habit Employment Matrix of India Employment contemporaries Thru SMEs Categories of MSMEs, US-SBA clas sification Employment propagation Thru veterinary Classification of Vocational Education & Training, veteran grades carrying into action of veterinarian for Employment Generation Definitions employ in the area of Education & ex-serviceman Vocational Training, VET & Economy in china Vocational Training, VET & Economy in Ger legion(predicate) (EU) Vocational Training, VET & Economy in regular army Vocational Training, VET & Economy in India Indias labour productiveness relevant Education and Training agriculture Advantage India ordinary widely distributed cognition References i Watch in national committees Abbreviations commitd in this book i Watch proceedss unattached in 13 languages Action design for gross domestic product formulateth rate of 10% to 15% per family i Watch Projects envisionned for 2012 2013 Sponsors About the Author General 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 snow Wake up inflict for INDIA 3 Foreword This presentation has been integrated for the win of th e citizens of India, eg. , politicians, farmers, officials, professionals, teachers, students, scholars, doctors, businessmen, housewives, gear up ups, lawyers, consultants, NRIs, PIOs and the spring chicken of India.This is a book and not a magazine It has the easy and friendly style for comfort reading. Most of the articles are in whiz or dickens pages. Very few articles are in three pages. Wherever required the text is supplemented with simple graphics in order to cut aim as far as mathematical unneccessary text, unless it is absolutely essential. The material within this book is divided into four sections. The bottom of each page classifies each type of article. The interconnection of these themes is highlighted whenever relevant.Section Section Section Section 1 2 3 4 covers covers covers covers articles articles articles articles on governance. on reading and gay preference ripening. in the selected areas of economy & opening. in the domain of fight coevals. Th is book is meant for anyone who may induct studied upto class 8th and beyond. As hardly 7% of all Indians in reality render English, this book is also available in all major Indian languages such as Marathi, Gujarati, Urdu, Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Oriya, Bengali, Assamese and Punjabi.The matter furnished herein has been updated to watch into account circulating(prenominal) available data, wherever possible. The reader is requested to ad prefer the contents of these pages in the spirit in which they squander been written, to mobilize pattern and proceeding for the tidy sum of India. it is not a sermon, rather a affirmation of facts, to facilitate further awareness and sue within the earth, with the sole suggest to value the People of India. Each note is a stand solely. Any one of them can be read, at any time.If you anticipate me a pointed question about the five nearly most-valuable areas where we affect to c at at oncentrate for bringing the ma ximum benefit to the people of India, I would speculate preparation, fosterage, education, governance and primary healthcare. The first education stands for funtional literacy and pre-primary, primary, secondary education. The Right to Education Bill was introduced in fantan solitary(prenominal) in 2005 and passed in 2009. give thanks God that after 63 old age of Independance we realize the need for education The second education stands for vocational education and study (VET) and skills building.The greatness of VET has finally been recognized at the level of the Prime Minister who had enjoin a T pick up Force in November 2006 to draw out milestones for pick up our young Indians into productive function by empowernment and cooking. 4 www. wakeupcall. org General In the 11th plan period the internal Skills Council and the National Skills Devlopment Corporation clear been setup in 2009. The organization of India has planned additional 1 vitamin D ITIs/ITCs and 50,000 s kill centers in the 11th plan. The build on modernizing the existing 5,500 ITIs is also in just swing.The third education stands for complete decontrol and de regulation of all forms of medical, higher and technical education. This alone can generate innovation, excellence and affect us cosmos Class. We maintain had reservations in steel, cement, cars, scooters, etc. unaccompanied increased depicted object and free markets apply solved the issues of price, feel and availability. Licence Raj in all forms of education especially in higher, medical and technical education must go Education as an try is nearly five times liberalger than I. T. and software. It is therefore a much large employment rootage than software and I.T. The reader allowing pose to look elsewhere for data and solutions in the area of primary healthcare. replete(p) Governance has been highlighted by heavy(p) a number of examples of bad governance and the negative effects therefrom. It is awkward i n a democracy to digest cracking governance untill the electorate has been appoint with relevant education. Hence the strain on relevant education. It has taken our body politic 59 historic period after independance and a solidifying of discussion and statement to recognize the true potential of micro and olive-sizingd medium enterprises (MSMEs). The measuring stick on MSMEs was passed unless in 2006.Probably 80% of our gross domestic product is here 99. 7% of organizations in this realness, including India, are MSMEs. This is the true dynamo and heartbeat of any nation. Out of a work crowd of 490 million people, however 6% is the organized celestial sphere and the relief 460 million or 94% is the unorganized vault of heaven. It is estimated that the total number of MSMEs are 100 million. 80% in agriculture and plantations and the match 20% in service and manufacturing empyreans. The splendor of Vocational education & readiness or VET and MSMEs for employment c ontemporaries has been highlighted and explained.As per the latest CII BCG Prof. C. K. Prahlad Project emailprotected, the Nation requires 500 million land class skilled people and 200 million world class graduate by 2022. The history of evolution of this book has been dramatic, please see page number 8 for details. The only unending has been change. It is for you the reader to make up wether it was for better or for worse Krishan Khanna Mumbai, India August 2012 disavowal The information mentioned in this book has been collected from miscellaneous sources in India and outside, during the snuff it 20 old age. Watch does not take any legal right for the accuracy of the data provided. We do not recommend that investment and business decisions be taken, based on the data provided in this book. Most of the sources of information as well as references are exposit on page 92. For the latest data and information the reader is advised to see the current websites and handbooks as m entioned on page 92. General Wake up guess for INDIA 5 Dear Reader, Welcome to i Watch. Based on the feedback from readers, we suggest that the pursuit pages may be read first 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7, 8. 9.varlet 12 Focus of this book rogue 14 Citizens response to i Watch summon 21 Agenda for Transforming INDIA Page 34 Tale of 3 countries Page 47 The Population Bomb Page 56 Difference in the midst of Poor & Rich Page 59 How to plan for World Markets? Page 61 MSMEs Backbone of any economy Page 66 China India comparison 10. Page 75 Employment generation by dint of VET 11. Page 87 Indias Labour Productivity 12. Page 90 Agriculture Advantage INDIA 13. Page 93 i Watch in National Committees 6 www. wakeupcall. org General Sustaining Economic Growth Through applicable Education & Vocational Training The above theme needs to be continue forever, as far as India is concerned.The following two example testament strengthen the importance of homo resource development, releva nt education and skills acquired by dint of vocational training for sustainable development of the economy. I was invited in October 2007 by the Ministry of Education, S. Korea, to chair a session on Vocational Education & Training (VET) for Developing Countries. This was part of the spherical HR Forum which was attend by nearly 1,200 educational experts from 50 countries. The only some otherwise Indian attending this forum was Prof. Ananth, director of IIT-Madras. The deputy roseola minister of South Korea was inaugurating the Global Forum.About 50 course of studys ago the people of S. Korea were as shortsighted as Indians. South Korea Looked at Japan and Germany who had very undersize mineral riches such as ores, coal or energy in the form of gas, oil other hydro-carbons, just like S. Korea (but unlike India) but were evolution very fast, in spite of the complete destruction in the second world war South Korea realized that the main reason was relevant education and s kills building make vocational training. South Korea created a part of a deputy prime minister, whose main responsibility, I deliberate, is humanity resource development, education and skills building.General Wake up treat for INDIA 7 Today, after 50 years, an reasonable South Korean has an income of nearly US$ 23,823 per year compared to US$ 1,530 for an middling Indian. Is there a message in this for us in India? Let us Look at the 2nd example which is current. Where should we as a Nation be by 2022? Or in the year of our 7fifth independence or emailprotected? The Confederation of India Industry or Cll on with the world ren proclaimed focussing guru, late Prof. C. K. Prahlad had planned for emailprotected Out of the 74 national committees of the CII, the ones on Education, Skills & HR and the Youth are primarily working on this initiative.Prof. Prahlad was very take that only by empowerment of the people especially the youth of India, through education and skills build ing and vocational training lead ensure us as a Nation to reach our major our coatings by the year 2022. The plan is to bedevil 500 one million million skilled people in different skills and 200 million world class graduates from different fields by 2022. More information about education, economy, governance and employment generation in India available at www. wakeupcall. org or in our book titled Transforming INDIA by empowerment of the people of India through relevent education & vocational training.History of evolution of this book In 1993 we started with a 4 page booklet. In 1997 it grew to 8 pages, which were also translated into 10 Indian languages. In 1999 the book had produce to 16 pages, in 2001 to 24 pages, in 2002 to 28 pages, in 2004 to 32 pages, in 2005 to 36 pages, in 2006 to 48 pages and in January 2007 to 56 pages. In July 2008 the book was further expanded to 88 pages and in January 2009 was further expanded to 92 pages and in October 2009 to 96 pages. In Feb ruary 2011 it was expanded to 100 pages. The current August 2012 edition is finally expanded to 104 pages.This book Trannsforming INDIA is available in English and 12 Indian language, viz. , Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu and Urdu. The condense has always been in the same four areas Governance . India initiative Education and Human Resource Development . Education 1st Economy and Enterprise . Economy 1st Employment Generation ..Employment 1st Economy 1st and Employment 1st, as mentioned 1 2 3 4 i Watch has four di pots, namely India 1st, Education 1st, total of fourty seven notes and observations. above. The first three subjects have ten, twelve and nine articles each epoch the 4th has sixteen, a To assist the reader, the bottem of each page mentions the classification of the text, in one of the above four categories. Where it does not fit any of the four above, we have classified the same under General category. 8 www. wakeupcall. org General Immortal Inspiration Nobel Laureate Rabindranath TagoreINDIA can become a Nation, which is best exposit in the words of Rabindranath Tagore Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high Where fellowship is free Where the world has not been broken up into fragments by take domestic walls Where words come out from the depth of truth Where indefatigable striving stretches its arms towards perfection Where the clear stream of reason has not lost its way into the dreary desert sand of dead habit Where the mind is led by thee into ever widening cerebration and action Into that heaven of freedom, my Father, let my country awake.Gitanjali, verse XXXV. General Wake up Call for INDIA 9 A Citizens effort A citizen, an IIT engineers effort at starting and giving momentum for Transforming INDIA through relavant education, vocational training and human empowernment. All of us have a duty, many realize and many dont. What is important is a clear takei ng of what we need to focus on. The rest follows..A non-political, non-religious, non-sectoral effort where the only kick is to bring about awakening of the people and then alone can they decide and understand the latent potential of the People of India what we missed out on and the importance of this work. There is much much to India than we typically may think. This work is only a seed the growth go out come through many hands, of which yours is also one. Aim of this bookThe biggest challange is to impart relevant education in the form of 100% functional literacy, vocational education and training and to expand multifold, the existing infrastructure of all forms of pre-primary, primary, secondary, higher, medical and technical education and make India an international hub for education, like it used to be. India needs to empower its youth with relevant education and training as soon as possible. The just age of an Indian is 26 years anteriority number one is the education and empowerment of the girl child and women. 10 www. wakeupcall. org GeneralWhat can we do for you? 1. Publications Dear Reader we can assist and help oneself you in the following areas- Starting with this book. Please see details of other list of publications as precise out on page 95. We request you to look at the inside cover page to note that this book of 104 pages is also available in 12 Indian languages such as Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi, Assamese, Bengali, Oriya, Gujarati, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada & Malayalam. English is only understood by 7% of the Indian population. 2. Interactive Workshops We conduct synergetic workshops in the following filchics as detail on page 91. Relevant Manufacturing Policy for India, Relevant Educational Policy for India, Globalization and how India can grow at +10% per year, Good Governance and how it benefits the citizen, Employment Generation for 10 million people per year, How to make Money after leaving College, Transforming India through E ducation. 3. Mind-Set-Change of teachers, Parents & the Youth Kindly see the projects I and 2 as detailed on page 97 not only are the Projects described but the plus impact of these Projects are also explained in detail. 4.Providing Relevant Data Kindly refer to our website at www. wakeupcall. org, all our publications as mentioned under item I, list of references as detailed out on page 92 and you will see that we have extracted a lot of relevant data for you the reader and formatted the same for easy reading and understanding. All our data is updated, as far as possible, once a year. 5. Setting up Vocational Education & Training Centres We work with a few large organizations within India who collectively train large number of people per year. We are their knowledge partners.By use of technology, by use of actual training centres, by use of integrating such training centres with business and industry in each local area, by providing ingenious Trainers & Mentors for actual trainin g, by conducting assessments, exams and certification of trained somebodys, by providing counseling before training and placements after training, we add a lot of value for the youth in any geography or district of India. Currently we are concentrating on VET courses in the areas of Healthcare, Hospitality, Tourism, Education and setting up centres in all parts of India. Details on request.General Wake up Call for INDIA 11 i Watch Focus areas Education We work on this issue because 1. Drop-out rate between KG to Class 10+2 is 87% to 93%, includes those who have never attended school. 2. License Raj and regulation in Higher, Medical and Technical education, restricting growth, R&D, quality and capacity. 3. silver out-flow of about Rs. 50,000 crores or US$10 to $12 gazillion per year for Indian students leaving India for international Universities, because of lack of seats and quality education within India. These funds enough to build 50 IIMs & 30 IITs per yearIt is estimated that about 153,000 students leave every year for foreign studies. 50% opt for a two year Masters course and the balance 50% for a four-year Undergraduate course. 4. Functional literacy expected to be about 33% against Governments figure of about 67%, but China close to 93%. 5. Inadequate skills development. Hardly 0. 5% of the work force are organism trained at any given, in the organized sector, versus the required 7% to 10%, as in China and other actual countries 6. India has 27,000 foreign students while Australia has 400,000 foreign students 7.India has 1. 7 million schools vs 2. 5 million in China 8. India has 563 Universities vs 1100 in China 9. Pre- primal not given impoftance. 90% of the human brain developed between the age of 1 to 6. 2. Why is FDI stock into India hardly US$ 121 one thousand thousand vs US$ 1920 billion for China + Hong Kong? 3. Tourist traffic into India is only 6 million per year vs 80 million per year into China? 4. World trade is about 2. 2% against 8. 0 % for China. 5. Agriculture productivity in India is 40% as compared to that of China. 6. Life expectancy is 67 years vs 74 years in China. 7.Electrical loss ascribable to transmission and other losings from electricity boards vary from 25% to 50% in India vs 6% to 8% in China. 8. Foreign exchange reserves about US $ 295 billion for India vs US$ 2199 billion in China. 9. HIV/AIDS affect about 5 million people in India vs 0. 85 million in China. 10. 40% of all fruits and vegetables are damaged or destroyed out-of-pocket to poor farm management. 11. India receives a lot of rain but because of poor water management we get floods or drought. Economy We work on this issue because 1. Labour Laws do not allow level contend field for Indian organizations within present Global Economy. . Employment generation suffers because we look at Capital intense businesses rather than Labor Intensive ones. 3. India has only 2. 6% of world gross domestic product. Buying power is low, but invite is high due to high population of 17%. Exports is the answer. Enough wildness not given so far in 66 years. SEZs need to grow faster. 4. Infrastructure is very inadequate for 1,210 million people. mountain of talk but very little implementation. Governance We work on this issue because 1. Rs. 3,600 crores or US$ 0. 72 billion dog-tired customary by the 35 states and UTs of India to run the country.Are the citizens happy? 1 million = 10 lacs 12 www. wakeupcall. org General 5. India needs to cash in the advantage of purchasing power parity, (PPP) for its World Trade. 6. I. T. and software is only 5% of the Indian economy and 3% of world economy. India must look at the balance 97% of the world economy and make it World Class. 7. Advantage of SMEs not fully understood. Present rendering not as per Global Standards as in EU, USA, Japan, China, etc. This is a big disadvantage to Indian business as 99. 7% of all organizations in the world are MSMEs.SSIs are only 5% of Indias gross domes tic product while MSMEs would be close to 70% to 80%. Ministry of Industry focus should change from Industry to Economy. 4. Vocational education is outright connected with employment and wealth generation, unlike normal education and knowledge improvement. The benefits of VET for the common man, benefits to organizations who use skilled and trained manpower and benefits to the nation to make it globally competitive will only come about when nearly 80% of the youth, after the age of 15 years opt for VET and not for the normal college education which is B. A, B. Sc or B. Com 5.The demographic dividend of supplying young skilled manpower to the world markets must be seized by early Indians by using VET. 6. The present work force of 490 million can be divided into 30 million in the organized sector and 460 million in the unorganized sector. The biggest challange facing us is to provide world class VET for the 460 million in the unorganized sector 7. Most of the SMEs are in the unorgan ized sector. SMEs are the real Dynamo of the economy. Dovetailing SMEs with Vocational Education & Training will create one of the biggest pool of young, talented and trained manpower in the worldThis will propel India forward as an economic power. 8. In contries like Switzerland & Austria there are 5000 VET centers each only for a polulation of 8 million each These contries are land locked and have no mineral wealth or energyi but because of high quality human resorseas have GDP nearly 33% and 23% of respectively of India 9. The present Apprentice Act is not in line with the countrys present needs. It requires to be completely overhauled so that nearly 10% of the workforce could be apprentices being trained and working at the same time. Employment Generation We work on this issue because . India has 43 million registered unemployed and likely other 260 million who are underemployed or unemployed in the age gathering of 18 to 50 years but not registered. 2. The average age of an Indian is 26 years, compared to a Chinese who is 34 years and a European, American or Japanese who may be 40 to 45 years in age. India is a very young country. We need to skill our people so that we can take advantage of so many Young Indians 3. bandage China spends nearly 2. 5% of GDP on Vocational Education & Training (VET) in 500,000 VET centres regarding nearly 3000 vocations. India ardly spends 0. 1% of its GDP in VET in 8500 centres binding about 400 vocations. The actual expenses in VET are much but data is not available 1 million = 10 lacs General Wake up Call for INDIA 13 Citizens respond to i Watch Feedback and Response received from Indian organizations and individuals, during the last ten years has been documented, based on letters and communications received. A selection of near of these communications has been compiled into a dossier and available for inspection at our office in Mumbai. Some of the feedback is mentioned in the pages below.In short, we are quite happy about the wit change and action plans initiated in different parts of India, based on the above strategy adopted by i Watch, action plans, assisting and networking with various stakeholders in the actual implementations of plans towards Educational Reforms and Transforming India. Sushma Berlia, President, Education Promotion Society for India They have set out to create a framework for achieving high and sustainable growth for India. For this they are working to build consensus and figure out policy changes.This is thusly a very unique strategy designed to have a far-reaching impact. Rajiv Kumar, Chief Economist, CII I hope to use some of the wisdom gleaned from your virginspaper in the formulation of my policies of corporate governance. N. R. Narayana Murthy, professorship & Chief Mentor, Infosys i Watch is doing a wonderful job in making the people understand and specify relevant policy changes required and the importance and need of Good Governance to benefit the p eople of India. Dr. B. P. Dhaka, secretaire General, PHDCC The Chamber appreciates the good work i Watch has been doing for the benefit of the citizens.P. N. Mogre, Secretary General, Indian Merchants Chamber The mission of i Watch has been the Mission of Krishan Khanna to innovate and transform where ever he was involved in work or life. Dr. P. S. Rana, Chairman & Managing Director, HUDCO As an educationalist and HRD consultant I strongly believe that the plan of i Watch for training 95% of the youth in 3000 areas of Vocational education is most innovative. If implemented, it would prove to be a major solution for the unemployment problem in India Prof. Rooshikumar Pandya, International Management Guru We interact with more than 500 NGOs and we must say that we have found i Watch a unique and innovative NGO. Vinay Somani, Managing Trustee, Karmayog. com I have read with interest your book titled, Transforming India, and would like to convey my compliments to you for the very useful studies and suggestions contained in this. I have no doubt that the issues raised and the recommendations made are of coarse value. B. N. Yugandhar, Member Planning agency We believe in the ideas and suggestions of i Watch to bring the policies to optimum benefit for the people of India.Anupam Mittal, President & CEO, People group I have not heard of any NGO like i Watch which has such a holistic plan for Transforming India. Maj. Gen. D. N. Khurana, Director General, All India Management Association. Regarding Good Governance, I look forward to having detailed discussions with you to follow-up on some of the suggestions contained in your book, Transforming India. M. Damodaran, Chairman & Managing Director, IDBI I really appreciate i Watchs endeavor in creating awareness, suggesting solutions and 14 www. wakeupcall. org I am aware of the good work being done by i Watch.I have noted your views regarding good governance, training and employment. M. Venkaiah Naidu, Preside nt, BJP General Please keep up the good work. Dr. Natarajan Chairman, All India Council for Technical Education well as focusing on the areas where we need to give great attention. M. V. Rajasekharan, Minister of State for Planning, Planning Commission I was very impress with your whole program and your efforts to elevate India. Babu Khalfan, NRI based in USA The vision with which i Watch has been set up is indeed a very timely effort for better governance.We would be fleur-de-lis to be associated with your foundation. Deepankar Sanwalke, Executive Director, KPMG We would deeply appreciate it if you could kindly spare the time to embark in the Conference on NRICivil Society Partnership and shoot its deliberations. Dr. Abid Hussain, Chairman, Group for Economic & Social Studies At the outset, let me congratulate you on all your presentations and I feel happy and honoured that you have shown interest in our working together on vocational education and training. I can see th e potential. Prof. Rupa Shah, Vice Chancellor, S. N. D. T. Womens University I would like to thank you for your support. It has helped us grow into a strong and vibrant organization. Padmini Somani, Director, Salaam Bombay Foundation Your publication makes an interesting reading. I very much appreciate the simplicity and practicality of your rise. K. L. Chugh, Chairman Emeritus ITC Ltd. We welcome you as a founder member of the IC Centre for Governance. The executive committee members of the Centre are impressed by the choice of your core issues and the action plans outlined. Prabhat Kumar, Former Cabinet Secretary & President, IC Centre for Governance Watch is doing a wonderful job and the look for work you are doing shall give us a lot of inputs for the bringment. Sudesh K. Aggarwal, Secretary General, All Indians Foundation Reference your discussions with our Chief Secretary, we will be glad if you hold interactive sessions on Good Governance & Effective Administration for all senior and middle level officers, numbering about 450 of the disposal of NCT, at the Delhi Secretariat. Prakash Kumar, AR & IT Secretary, Govt. of NCT I must admit that this is really a very pains fetching job and you have amassed a lot of precious statistics and data.I assure you that with my limited capability I shall try to project your data to all possible forums. P. N. Roy, Chairman, Indo-Asahi Glass Ltd. i Watch is invited as a part of the expert panel to comment and suggest on the India and the World 2025 scenarios at the interactive workshop organized by the World Economic Forum and CII. Confederation of India Industry Your effort to shortlist the maladies looming ominously on our socio-cultural-economic spectrums deserve mention. R. S. Agarwal, Joint Chairman, Enami Group of Campanies Please accept my congratulations for the good work which you have done.I would like to take this opportunity to wish you all the best in your work and I am sure your publications w ill bring about awareness and as well play a very educative role in highlighting the issues and as General I critically studied your Governance & Administration of India paper and came out very deeply impressed and also agitated. It is powerful enough to make everybody sit up and think. It hits the right cord. You have precisely pointed out what ails India. Prakash Almeida, Director, ground for Study of Economic Issues Wake up Call for INDIA 15 About i WatchI am sure this book will set all those who receive it thinking and from thinking at least some will go on to take some action to realize the vision you have sketched. N. Vittal, Central Vigilance Commission, CVC What is i Watch ? i Watch, is a citizens movement for Transforming INDIA. i means India, Indians, you and me. Watch, means that we are watching what is happening in the country and reporting to the citizens in order to create awareness for the saki of improvement. The i is small since our gurus have always taught us t hat only with lowliness can we perceive the truth.We focus on Human resource development, governance, economy, enterprise and employment generation and the relevance of their interconnection. i Watch is a registered good-will with the head office located in Mumbai, India. Donations to i Watch, qualify for 80G income evaluate benefits for indian organizations and citizens. The FCRA approval for foreign donations has been received in January 2009. Your perception is superb, ideas are original and some of the statistics are mind boggling. I wish your ideas get a much wider coverage through the all-India media. H. N. Dastur, Executive Director, Bhartiya Vidya Bhavan When awareness is there, the action will also take place and in this crusade I and many Indians are with you. Keep it up. Sushil Gupta, Past territory Governor, Rotary District 3010 I assure you that I will continue to do whatsoever is within my power to pursue the one point agenda as in your letter. George Fernandes, Defense Minister, Government of India We feel privileged on account of your having favoured us with your valuable experience. Air Commodore Amrit Lal, Executive Director, Indian Society for Training & Development How do we plan to transform INDIA? i Watch, functions in three stages. . Create awareness Publications such as Making INDIA a Knowledge Economy, The INDIA you may not Know and Action Plan for INDIA are used for the purpose of creating awareness. 2. Solutions and Action Plans This is achieved by our website, interactive workshops and our 104 page book, Transforming INDIA. 3. Actual Implementation For this purpose, we assist and network with government, public, common soldier organizations and NGOs. I appreciate your viewpoints convey in the note and would invite more ideas and pragmatic exercises which can help to develop society in the right direction.Suresh Prabhu, Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha 16 www. wakeupcall. org General What has i Watch achieved ? In 1992, whe n we started on the journey of Transforming INDIA, we had no mite as to the focus we should take. It took us nearly 4 years of look and travel to come to some basic conclusions as to the areas of focus for transforming India. This we achieved by 1996. Real work started in 1997. The focus finally watered down to the following four key areas1. HRD, Vocational education & Employment Generation 2. Governance & presidency of India 3.Policy changes regarding, SSI, MSME and relevant labour laws 4. Economy, Enterprise, eg. emphasis on exportations and other sectors of the economy such as retail, wholesale, manufacturing, travel and tourism, healthcare, infrastructure and agriculture. i Watch has had some success in all four areas as we have been able to change the mindset of a large cross section of the decision making population by the use of1. Interactive workshops, seminars & articles 2. Publications, Making INDIA a Knowledge Economy, The INDIA you may not know and Action Plan for IND IA 3. 02 page book, Transforming INDIA 4. Website at www. wakeupcall. org 5. Participation in the National Committees of the MHRD, Planning Commission, domiciliate of Commerce, CII, FICCI, Ministry of IT, etc. As members of CII, FICCI, ASSOCHAM, PHDCC&I, IMC, MEDC, BCC&I and discussions with IBA, RBI, and MOF we were able to influence the meaning of SMEs and understanding the limited relevance of SSIs. The only eternal in life is change Recognized by the Europen wedding, EU, for a spliff project on employment generaction and vocational education and training in ten states of India.In the area of Governance we have been consulted by state governments such as the Delhi NCT to suggest and advice on Governance and Administration. In Educational Reforms, our thought process regarding vocational education and training, have been considered by the Ministry of HRD, Planning Commission & IGNOU. Thrust on Deregulation of Higher and Technical Education is gaining credenza through initiat ives with the CII, FICCI, ASSOCHAM, EPSI, PHDCC&I and others. In the areas of Economy & Enterprise, we are called for our feedback and inputs by think tanks such as the World Economic Forum, WEF.In the last 20 years we have distributed more than 600,000 copies of our book, Transforming INDIA, conducted a large number of interactive seminars and hosted all our ideas and thoughts on our website. Our publications are available in 13 languages, in English, Hindi, Gujarati, Marathi, Bengali, Assamese, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Punjabi, Urdu and Malayalam. Only 7% of Indians understand English. General Wake up Call for INDIA 17 i Watch principles, mission, goals Guiding Principles 1. Positive attitude Believe that real change is possible. 2. Research Dont hit the road without detailed home work. 3.Effective communication Use communication tools to reach out to all. 4. look in the power of the community Recognize that the fundamental means of all actions is a collective assertion. F rom an inclusive community comes a collective strength. 5. constructive engagement Engage in the spirit of partnership. Build alternative modules or change the rules. 6. Non partisan culture No political affiliation 7. Pro-political approach Politicians are victims of the vicious cycle, not villains 8. Respect for political process deferred payment that the politics is the central to democrac and the true politics is a noble endeavour 9.Political alternatives There is no alternative to democracythe alternative to democracy is a better democracy 10. Professionalism Deliver on individual roles and responsibilities at the highest spirit level of commitment and capability at all times. namely good governance & trenchant administration, how it influences the economy and how to achieve it? The importance of relevant Human Resource Development. Removing the present Licence Raj in education The need for policy changes such as scrapping the existing limited definition of small scurf indu stry, SSIs, and expanding it into micro, small and medium enterprises or SMEs.The crying need of relevant labour and administrative reforms to bring India at par with other Asian Tigers and to provide a level playing field to our business leaders and managers. Why exports and tourism must be expanded by 1000% of the present levels In a democracy people have to get involved. Change is possible and more creditable if communication is bottom up rather than top down. Our presentation is therefore designed for the common man or the citizen of India. Goal To make India, a land, which is truly world class. With 1210 million people, India has a very large demand, but where is the acquireing power?We must export more to build up buying power Indias future lies in becoming a resource base for the world, in manufacturing, duty and services, since 97. 4% of world trade and 97. 8% of world buying power is NOT within India. A birds eye view shows India needs to emulate the successful examples o f information technology, software and diamond exports, for all other sectors of the economy. With a high purchasing power parity (PPP of Rs. 16 = US$1), India has immense scope to export goods and services. Good governance and effective administration are necessary to achieve these goals for India Politicians and officials in China sing Economics & Walk the Talk, that is why non-resident Chinese and foreign investors have confidence in China Fortunately, the preception about India is now in positive territory General Historical Background The focus was always constant quantity in the areas of Human resource development, governance and the economy. The importance of the interdependance of HRD-Governance-Leadership-Economy & Enterprise-Infrastructure on each other needs to be understood. Each depends upon the other in many ways.It is not possible to look at them seperately without causing harm and backbreaking the efficiency of the country. Mission To create awareness for the citi zens of India in areas which are merry for the future of the nation, 18 www. wakeupcall. org The INDIA you may not know of 50,000 or more private I. T. training centers spread across the country. 9. I. T. & parcel are only 2. 0% to 2. 5% of the worlds GDP. Indias present role is about 5% of GDP. For rapid economic growth and employment generation we need to concentrate on the balance 95% of the economy and enterprise and make it world class 10. 00 million unemployed of employable age* and only 44 million have actually registered with employment offices with little or no hope of getting employment (our estimates)*. 11. Of all new employment generated, 1% are government jobs, 2% are in the organized sector and the balance 97% in the unorganized sector. 12. Out of our 490 million workforce, 94 % work in the unorganized sector and about 6% in the organized sector. Nearly 55% to 60% are self employed. 13. 2. 5% of the entire population, viz. 19 million people work for the central and state government other 11 million work in the private organized sector.A small part of the population work in the organized sector. 14. All Labour Laws are made to protect, at any cost, the above 2. 5% of the Indian population. Article 311 of the Indian constitution needs relevant rescript since it over protects employees of the Government even at a cost to the nation. 15. While MPs, MLAs and Municipal Councilors and the village panchayats, can only be elected for a maximum of 5 years, the officials, babus, and government employees do it life long benefits of employment, in spite of their performance. 16.We have 600 million illiterate people based on the international definition of the 3Rs (reading, writing and arithmetic or education at least up to primary level of class 5) 17. The Indian definition of literacy is based on a mass of people If you can write your name, you are literate nobody has badly ever challenged this definition 18. 290 million live below the Government of Indias definition of the poverty line of Wake up Call for INDIA 19 1. 71% or 840 million people are below 35 years of age. Indians are young. 2. 28 million people are natural every year, 10 million die per year, population increase 1. % per year 3. 88% to 92% driblet out rate of children between kindergarten and 10+2. This includes those who have never been to school. 4. 10% are the ones that cross the 10+2 stage, Educational Line of Control, which is our so called educated youth, go in for a regular college degree which may not be very relevant in todays context for the sake of employment generation and national GDP enhancement. 5. 62% of all graduates from the 37,000 colleges are arts graduates. Balance 38% in science, commerce, medical, engineering, I. T. , law, management and special subjects. 6.While 80% of the world youth between 15 to 35 years of age envision a vocation, a skill or a trade, with a choice of 3000 vocational education and training (VET) programs, in 15,000 modules, we in India have only identified about 400 courses after 66 years of Independence and hardly 2% to 2. 5% of the population goes for formal VET training 7. We can get engineers and MBAs in India but no carpenters, plumbers, drivers, repairmen and other skilled personnel as per international standards in the other 2,500 vocational trades. 8. Information Technology, software or I. T. are the only exceptions.Perhaps because India 1st Rs. 26 (rural India) to Rs 32 (urban India) per day this is based on being able to buy enough rice and wheat from the Public Distribution System, PDS system and ration shops, which has food value of 2200 kilo calories per day. 19. Nobody has ever challenged this definition of Poverty Line. How can one expect people to live with a few kilos of raw uncooked wheat or rice? As human beings, dont we need more? How about one set of clothes to cover our bodies, a set of chappals for our feet, some vegetables, milk and fruit, in our diet? How will we cook without any energy and furnish? 0. 450 million* live below the poverty line definition of the World Banks old definition of US$1 (Rs. 50) per day per person, or US$ 365 per year. 800 million* people live below the poverty line definition of the World Banks new definition of US$ 2 (Rs. 100) per day per person, or US$730 per year. (our estimates)* 21. second-rate Per Capita of an Indian is about US$ 1530 per year per person (1. 21 billion people and a GDP of US$ 1853 billion). Average earning of an Indian is US$ 4. 10 per day. 22. India has only 2. 6% of the World GDP and has 17% of the world population.Demands are high but buying power is low. Hence we will need to increase our export related activities by 10 times, as the foreign markets are 60 times bigger than the Indian market. Our share of world markets or foreign trade is 2. 2%, down from 33% 1000 years ago, down from 27% when the British landed in India and down from 3% in 1947. 23. Only 7% of all Indians understand Engli sh, yet most of the websites of the government of India, state governments and public institutions are in the English language 24. While English is a language used in countries which account for about 38% of the world GDP, viz. USA + UK + old British colonies, yet in India, while we talk of globalization, we are not serious about learning the other languages of the world, eg. , Japanese, German, Spanish etc, unlike the Chinese youth who are doing so otherwise. 25. India is probably at the bottom of the heap, as far as the human development index is concerned such as infant mortality, child care, malnutrition, womens health, sicknesses, disease, health, clean drinking water, etc. 26. Democracy is to the people, for the people, by the people. If we have to succeed, the citizen has to get involved and participate in governance. 7. Unlike other countries, we have 22 official languages, 2,600 dialects, all religions of the world, and due to low human and economic development, emphasis on SC, ST, dalits, caste, religion, sects, minorities, regions, ethnic groups, etc. 28. Employment generation is restricted due to existing policies which do not encourage Labour Intensive enterprises. Relevant labour reforms in line with prevailing practices in other countries of Asia are required for a level playing field for Indian organizations. 29. The size of Enterprises cannot be immovable by officials in the central government.They are decided by technology, process, international market forces and competitive pressures. backlog for small scale industry, SSI, needs to be scrapped and SMEs should be encouraged. SSIs are 5% of the Indian GDP. 99. 7% of all organizations in the world are SMEs. 70% to 80% of the Indian GDP are SMEs. We need to understand the meaning of E in MSME (small and medium enterprises). 30. As per www. loksatta. org, about Rs. 3,200 crores are spent every day, to govern India at the centre and state levels, both on revenue as well as on groovy account. I s this truthful? Is the money well spent?Citizens need to use The Right to Information, RTI bill, and also take part in the governance of India, through citizen groups. 31. About 800 members of parliament in the lok sabha and rajya sabha and 4,210 members of the state legislature assemblies control this disbursement of Rs. 3,200 crore per day. You may download a sample of the contents of this book, Transforming India, from our website in English, Marathi, Gujarati, Urdu, Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Oriya, Bengali, Assamese and Punjabi. 1 million = 10 lacs 20 www. wakeupcall. org India 1st Agenda of Transforming INDIA nto an Economic Power & certain Nation Priority 1 Relevant HRD, deregulate H&T education & Vocational training 1. 100% Primary Functional Literacy Learn to read and write any Indian language in 40 to 60 hours 1 hour per day for 5 days a week. Nearly 500 million people need to learn the 3 Rs which are reading, writing and arithmetic. As per the governm ent of India, the average literacy rate is 64%, based on the indian definition, if you can write your name. If one uses the international definition, like minimum primary education as the criteria, the actual literacy rate would come down to 40%We need to achieve 100% functional literacy in the next 10 years 2. Primary & secondary education The dropout rate of 90% in schools, from kindergarten to class 12th, must be reduced to less than 10%. This includes children who have never attended school. 3. Enterprise Skills Development or ESD. We suggest that this should be started from class 5th right upto class 12th. ESD is about enterprises and how the real world works. Helps decide future choice of profession for the youth. Builds confidence in ourself. Only two hours per week are required. 4. Vocational Education & Training or VET.VET teaches the youth a skill or a competence or a trade. One learns to do some skilled job In developed countries, 80% of the youth from age of 14 to 35 sho uld go in for VET. This would mean about 50 million people per year. 5. Except for I. T. , which is 2. 5% of worlds GDP, where there may be 50,000 private training centres operating in India where are the training centres to run the balance 97% of the skills, trades, competances required to run the nation? India 1st 6. Liberalize Education liberalise and privatize all forms of education like business was in 1991Make India an International Hub for Education 7. The I. T. business, ever since inception, has been outside the control and regulation of the central and state governments. Market forces, fierce competition, and constant innovation has allowed Indian I. T. education to be world class. 8. Private and NRI participation in education Government should concentrate up to high school only, from class 1 to 10 only. The rest they should leave to the private sector 9. Entrepreneurship Institutes in each englut Entrepreneur promotional institutes, in all the blocks of the states. 7% o f new employment is in the unorganized sector and SMEs. We need skill sets for the youth. 10. India will only prosper when the Goddess of Learning, Saraswati is unshakled and unchained as was the Goddess of Wealth Lakshmi in 1991. Priority 2 Good Governance Benefits of leadership and good governance are highlighted in ten different articles. If one looks at the contents page, one will notice that nearly 81% of our articles are People Dependant, ten on Governance and twelve on Human Resource Development and Sixteen on Employment GenerationOne can understand Good Governance, only if we understand the effects of bad governance. Many such examples have been given in our articles for this very reason. Wake up Call for INDIA 21 Focus on HRD, governance, economy and employment generation Priority 3 Central government policy changes 1. Removal of SSI (small scale industry) reservation. Reservation does more harm than good. 2. Amend Labour and Employee Laws and give local enterprises and org anizations a level playing field on par with other ontogenesis Nations of Asia and Latin America. 3.Encourage labour intensive technologies for employment generation. 4. Recognize the meaning and importance of MSMEs (micro, small medium enterprise) and not SSIs (small scale industry). We must understand the importance of the M and the E in SMEs as MSMEs account for 80% of the Indian economy against 5% in SSI. While the MSME Bill was passed in 2006. Indian MSMEs still have to align themselves to global standards. Large organizations subcontract most of their non-core business to highly productive and cost- effective MSMEs. 1. Trading, wholesale & retail, are 15 times bigger than I.T. (big employment and GDP generator) 2. Manufacturing, as an enterprise, is 11 times bigger than I. T. (generates about 75% of government revenues) 3. Health Care, as an enterprise is 4 times bigger than I. T. (big employment and GDP generator) 4. blend & Tourism, as an enterprise is 6 times bigger than I . T. (big employment and GDP generator) 5. Education, as an enterprise is 4 times bigger than I. T. (big employment and GDP generator) Priority 5 Funding infrastructure US$ 1500 Billion finicky Infra Bonds Infrastructure needs funding at 6% to 8% per year, rate of interest.The tenure of borrowing needs to be extended to at least 10-15-20 years, since it takes nearly 5 years for building and another 5 years for Gestation and break-even. These bonds should be of low-interest but with incentives and tax breaks. Priority 6 Awareness program for the above 5 priority areas By the use of our 102 page book, Transforming INDIA through education, awareness with relevant solutions and action plans are our prime objective. Our book is a step in that direction. It has 47 articles and notes on Governance, Human Resource Development, Enterprise & Economy & Employment Generation.Our website at www. wakeupcall. org details out much more than this book. Besides English, the Hindi, Urdu, Gujarati, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Bengali, Oriya, Assamese and Punjabi versions of some relevant portions are available. Only 7% of Indian understand English, therefore Indian languages are required. India 1st Priority 4 Export activities of the economy, other than software Software and I. T. is 2. 5% of the Worlds GDP, we need to look at the balance 97. 5% of the economic sector in the world marketsThe five areas of economic activity, mentioned below, are only some examples, there are many others. 22 www. wakeupcall. org Economic and business reforms after(prenominal) 66 years of Independence, where are we? After 66 years of Independence, if we bench mark India against other countries of the world, especially with those in Asia, we note that though a lot has been achieved by us, a lot more needs to be done. We need to learn from our past and move boldly into the future. India has achieved many milestones, but not enough to eradicate poverty, illiteracy and other vital i ssues, for the 1,210 million people of India.In spite of Indias brainy past history and present outstanding world class quality of our human capital, which not only is credit deservingy for running many organizations, in manufacturing, trading and services sectors, around the world but also responsible for advising many countries on this planet, we have not been able to put our own house in order to world class standards. We are not able to always use the best effective human capital for running the country, both for the public as well as the private sectors This needs to be suitably amended.In the first instance, we need to start taking some simple and effective measures which are for the good of the majority of the people of India. We should plan to become a resource base for world markets since 98. 2% of the worlds buying power and 99. 0% of the worlds trade is not with India Good Governance is the Golden Key Good governance can unlock Indias latent potential We have been analyz ing Indias problems based on years of research, analysis and personal interviews with thousands of Indian citizens as well as NRIs and PIOs.India needs to improve its governance and administration to world class standards, as soon as possible. We firmly believe that India would be rated as the No. 1 country in the world, as far as potential vs performance is concerned Let us unleash this latent power and energy for the benefit of the 1,210 million Indians, and for the benefit of mankind on our planet. India needs a new and innovative trope shift in thought process and planning for achieveing a 10% to 14% GDP growth rate per year 1. Why cant we have 100 zones on our coastline, each one homogeneous to a Dubai, Singapore or a Hong Kong?These 100 zones will in effect increase the GDP of India by 500% in 15 to 20 years China has more than 500 Special Economic Zones (SEZs) 2. Our suggested Relevant Manufacturing Policy for India can also enhance the GDP to recapitulate digit growth. We can achieve high growth rates of the Asian Tigers, including China, provided we follow such policies See our website www. wakeupcall. org and this book for details. 3. The existing educational policy, on human development, caters mostly for higher education. About 25 million people of different age groups, enter the system every year.About 3 million make it in higher education, the balance 22 million drop off at various stages. We need to change the policy to benefit these 22 million. 4. Make some part or parts of coastal India as tax free zones, Use the best examples of Mauritus, Isle of Man, Sychelles, UAE, Bermuda, Luxumberg, Monaco and Lichtchenstien. Tourism, exports, FDI, investment, employment generation, education, vocational training, infrastructure, law & order, reduction of corruption, improvement of health services and GDP can improve at a faster rate with education good governance and effective administration.Wake up Call for INDIA 23 India should learn from the best W e should either try to teach the world, if we are better than them, or be humble enough to learn from the best around us, other options are irrelevant W. Edwards Deming, one of the worlds greatest management and quality gurus, when asked, what his one point recipe for nations and organizations was, said, People are important. Experience of other countries Alan Greenspan, the Chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank of USA, once remarked that lack of labour rigidity is the key to success in the US.The US has benefited much more than Europe and Japan because American businesses enjoy the freedom to hire and fire and only keep the best human resources. S. E. Asia and China have greatly benefited due to flexible and fair (for the masses), human resource policies. India 1st Governance & administration Primary duty of politicians and officials 1. lay out of growth Due to reforms in the last decade we consider 8% to 10% as the New rate of growth of the economy. India needs to grow at 10% to 1 4% per year, to meet the well being and aspirations of its people. This goal is achievable with Education, Good Governance and Effective Administration. . Democracy what does it mean? 2. constitute of Governance in India As per www. loksatta. org, an NGO based in Hyderabad, the expenditure on Governance of India, by the 790 politicians at the Centre, the 4,120 in the 35 States and Union Territories and the 19 million employees of the Central and State Governments use about Rs. 3,200 crore per day or Rs. 1,168,000 crore per year, both on capital and revenue accounts. About 1. 87% of Indians govern 1,210 million people This comes to about US$ 234 billion or nearly 14% of Indias Gross domestic product or GDP Are Indian citizens getting their moneys worth?Only you the Indian citizen can give the actual and final answer. You be the judge of your own country and decide. Our study clearly indicates that the people of India rely and deserve much better Governance and Administration. Demo cracy is of the people, for the people and by the people. Citizens must play an active role. As President John F. Kennedy said, ask not what the country has done for you, but what you have done for the country. In a world of globalization and keen competition, Indians will have to

Cost of Ambition in Macbeth Essay

forgiving society burdens itself with generating organizational systems of rank to distinguish groups of people. Ambition the quest for baron is a foremost drive embedded in the human tincture that motives men to better themselves. This quest is seen in Shakespeares tragic execute Macbeth with the titular character who strives to achieve and maintain ultimate military group. The central face of Macbeth lies with the title characters desire to both follow and vary from his destiny. After hearing of his future greatness from the seemingly omnipotent weird Sisters, Macbeth comes to realize the latent intake trapped within him (Act 1, depiction III).This initial realization of potential unbars him from his prior self (a life of both delight in and prestige) to transcend his well-established morals. Macbeth yearns for power over his country and over his fellow man, pipe dreams that continue him down a dark and bloody path. Shakespeare uses this fall from good graces to arg ue to readers the cost of being overambitious. Prophecy foretold of Macbeths future rule as king and alluded to his eventual fate with a message of warning.However, in phone line of the warning to be wary, it was also said that no man born(p) of a woman as every man is held decisive power over Macbeth (Act 4, Scene I). This bold statement lends greatly to the expansion of Macbeths ir sharpity during his later tirades. His overly ambitious quest for power motivates him to untimely end the life of the current king, an act he has no choose to execute, for had the prophecy of his kingship really been true, hed have been crowned sooner or later, but his lust for power blinds him to this fact (Act 1, Scene V). given over his reputation as a war hero, none surmount the high treason of suspecting Macbeth of committing such a crime, especially when the cover-up was so well planned. For this reason, Macbeth could function behind the scenes, plotting his takeover of the country and none would dare suspect catty intentions from him. In this way, his ambition was unchecked. As mentioned, Macbeth entirely disregards the prophecy warning that genuine dangers threaten his prosperity as king. He does this not due to a lack of superstition he clearly believes in the Weird Sisters language of praise and success.He does so because he holds the premonition of fortune on higher grounds that that of misfortune. Thus, that men are blinded by ambition is another message Shakespeare hoped to convey. The very same ambition rather, the fear of losing the fruit of that ambition led Macbeth to challenge the same prophecy that granted him the throne. He sought victory over all, took up arms against fate, and marched towards an undefeatable destiny by slaughtering any kinsmen with a possibility of stealing the throne away from him (Act 3, Scene I).These repeated ventures into meaningless manslaughter lead him further down a corrosive path laid out for him by his desire for powe r. The desire corrupts him, and great forces rise in opposition. Shakespeares powerful storytelling shines here as Macbeths obsession with power is met by the force of balance. Macbeth oversteps his bounds to prematurely get word a rank already in his possession as a reaction, the righteous force of Macduff, a man seeking only the scoop out for the country, rose to oppose him.Herein we discover the most important of messages ambition void of righteousness leads nowhere. Macduff also sought power, power over those who would solve forth the destruction of his beloved country. Ina conflict between two argue power-seekers, as Shakespeare makes evident by the death of Macbeth by the hands of Macduff, the more righteous force is destined to prevail (Act V, Scene VII). Macbeth suffered from a desolate internal conflict coming to terms with the idea that one lived with distinctiveness to usurp his power.Swollen with pride, he denied that any such being existed and thusly became fur ther susceptible to Macduffs greater strength. Shakespeare conveys how the quest for power is a truly crippling experience when taken outside the bounds of rational thought. His character Macbeth actively seeks what is owed to by by the passage of time and in the long run pays the price for his misjudgment. Had Macbeth rationalized the situations presented to him by the Weird Sisters, hed have taken their words as the prophecy of a reward for his national pride, not as instruments of corruption.

Morality As Anti-Nature Essay

Friedrich Nietzsche, a prominent German philosopher in the 19th century is one of the most well-read philosophers of the knightly two-centuries. His ideas regarding morality and nature continue to be discussed and debated to this day among scholars of all beliefs. either living things be given desires by nature. These desires exist as burst of who we are. They define us in a way they faecal matter promote us and they can also do us great harm. The rudimentary sin of Pride, for instance, can be a good thing, to have superciliousness in yourself and your abilities, and be able to brag about them may be what stands between you and an separate person applying for the same job. But according to the Bible, it is a sin. So the other person might have the moral in high spirits ground, but you will end up with the job. Which is better? Only you can decide that for yourself.Another way to look at it is this. You have a great passion for reading, but morality says that reading is evil. So you abjure yourself the pleasure of a good book, magazine article or flush a street sign in order to follow what somebody else has deemed to be a moral code. You are denying your true self, for no other purpose, but to be accepted in society. In your heart, and in your mind, you agnize that reading is no more evil that breathing, but because society has told you differently, you rebuff reality.To Nietzsche, denying your own passions is like denying reality. If your passions were a tiger, a strong man would acquire the tiger and tame it. A weak man would at least(prenominal) run away. But it is only a fool who pretends that the tiger doesnt exist. The greatest of moralities are those that accomodate nature the weakest of moralities are those that deny it.Even though many people at the epoch truly believed that the church provided them a great direction in life, Nietzsche strongly disagreed. Nietzsche believed that following a godliness is to ignore the very nature of hum anity. He believed that man is born by nature good, proposing that the churchshould not be followed in order for mankind to spare their passions be presented in themselves as they desire. Throughout his writings, Nietzsche aims to inform his readers that we as humans can only reach our potential by following our passions and ignoring the blemish ideals of the church. Under the article of faith of the churchs morality, innate passions of its followers must(prenominal) be abolished in order to become proper Christians. By destroying the intragroup passions of its followers, the church is doing a great disfavor by using morality to rule out nature from their lives.When someone begins to follow the ideals of the church, they are introduced with the doctrine of the idea of free will. Basically, this design claims that even if God is an all right and all powerful being, only his followers have the ultimate office for their actions. As human beings, we have a certain weakness to solve great mistakes. This is where Nietzsche claimed that there is a case of cause and effect. At the time of his writing, Friedrich Nietzsche saw that when events were not proven scientifically, followers of the church were very nave to credit an act of God rather than searching for the answers differently.Christianity had become the opposite of life and nature and the church has stifled its followers by act them into closed minded and weak humans. Nietzsche ultimately believed that religion creates a concept of anti-natural morality which damages our development as humans quite severely, in the end ending our status and rights as individuals once the church gets involved.Nietzsche believed that the church is at war with the passionate and the intelligent in favor of the poor and spirited. He believed that the ones who began the mental and spiritual decapitations of others are truly the ones who were ineffectual to control their passions and were very ill willed. The people of the church who imposed morality as anti-nature were the ones who were unable to impose moderation in their lives. He believed that an immoralist is an ideal human being, because they are the ones who truly understand the rights and wrongs in life by applying passions and a elect lifestyle that best coincides with their lives.