Tuesday, February 19, 2019
The effect of Vitamin D supplementation on breast cancer risk
Abstract The affect of vitamin D add-on on disparager pubic lo accustom streak and diminishment has become a matter of free burning debate. This study proposes to use a faction Post-Positivism approach to assess the practice. With emerging studies both upholding and decrying the expertness of Vitamin D in relation to tit crab louse, there is a charter pursue this study in order to clarify the potential. Introduction summit crab louse and vitamin D addendum maintain become a unanimous topic of debate as a drive to find a solution continues. This study fills a gap in existing query by assessing what impact the addition of Vitamin D has on the prevention and diminishment of teat Cancer.1.1 BackgroundThe efficacy of Vitamin D supplementation in order to prevent or diminish Breast Cancer has become a matter of sustained debate. The Mohr, Gorham and Alcaraz (2012) study turn overs that there is a direct benefit to the reduction of pectus crabmeat by adding Vitamin D b oth before and after a crabmeat diagnosis. Others cite the impact of Vitamin D on Breast Cancer as only negligible (Prentice, Prettinger and Jackson 2013). Still others cite the previous(predicate) pointedness of look as an obstacle to fully embracing the take account of Vitamin D (Yin, Grandi and Raum 2010). Yet, further studies conjoin Vitamin D and the method of ingestion as a pivotal issue (Prentice et al 2013). The goal of this study would be to further determine the map of Vitamin D in relation to look cancer in women.1.2 Aims and ObjectivesIn this section, the research push backs, objectives, and research questions will be outlined. Firstly, the aim of this research is as followsThe following research objectives become been compulsiveWhat is the aftermath of vitamin D supplementation on pap cancer risk What is the vitamin D status, determined by 25-OH vitamin D levels, among women diagnosed with depreciator cancer 1.3 Research QuestionsThe research question i sWhat are the known associations with Vitamin D supplementation and disparager cancer What are the key ingredients that have been impacted by Vitamin D supplementation of cancer Do the means of Vitamin D ingestion have an impact on pithiveness What is the potential emerging research teaching 2 Literature Review 2.1 Factors that contribute to Breast CancerDeficiencies in all forms have long been credited with the increasing the probability for cancer of all varieties (Pearce and Cheetham 2010). Factors including the insufficiency of Vitamin D have been linked to breast cancer diagnosis in women (Chung, Lee and Terasawa 2011). With lifestyle choices and long-term habits playing a pivotal role in a cancer diagnosis, the impact of a single part is debateable (Brasky, Lampe and Potter 2010). Diseases including Rickets and osteomalacia are directly tied to vitamin D deficiency, do a breast cancer link plausible (Pearce et al 2010). The aim of or lack of vitamins are argued to imp act a breast cancer diagnosis.2.2 Vitamin D and Breast Cancer supplementation in WomenA wide ordinate of professionals ranging across clinical applications, autoimmunity, cardiology and cancer fields agree that the Vitamin D supplementation is a benefit to the effort to increase breast prevention efforts (Souberbielle, Jeanjacques clay and Lappe 2010). Yet, Prentice et al (2013), while maintaining the moderate value of the supplementation practice, argue that the reduction in breast cancer occurrence due to this factor is only suggestive, not conclusive.2.3 Vitamin D and Breast Cancer Prevention OptionWolff and Guiliano (2011) have found that Vitamin D as a supplement is superior to a dietary intake of vitamin D. This study charts a correlation among the incidents of breast cancer prevention and the dietary method of vitamin intake. It is insufficient to rely on any single indicator in as a prevention mechanism (Thacher and Clarke 2011). Further, the benefits of vitamin D are only at the observational stage and cannot be fully accredited (Ibid).2.4TrendsThe combination of Calcium/Vitamin D is providing an path for research towards a diminished rate of breast cancer (Bolland, Grey, seek and Reid 2011). Conversely, Brunner, Wactawski-Wende and Cann (2011) illustrate that there is no substantial reduction in breast cancer among their studies participants employing this combination.3. Methodology The methodology focuses on an explanation of the approaches consideredWhat is the effect of vitamin D supplementation on breast cancer risk What is the vitamin D status, determined by 25-OH vitamin D levels, among women diagnosed with breast cancer3.1 ApproachPositivism, quantitative method, provides solutions resting in math, producing empiric information (Yin 2003). Interpretivism or qualitative uses the interpretive approach utilizing instruments like coding. Post-Positivism, a combination of the two is best suitable to determine the impact of Vitamin D supp lementation on breast cancer in women (Bryan and Bell 2007).Both inducive and deductive approaches were considered. Bryan et al (2007) view both approaches as connected with translucent elements, but the connection are not fixed. Therefore settled the use of a mixed method or post-positivism method was chosen as the best approach.3.2 Research StrategyThis study will collect and analyse empirical data (Biggam 2012). The utilization of both primary and secondary research real will provide depth and fundamental clarity to the study (Yin 2003). The empirical research in this study deals with an in-depth review of breast cancer cases, survivors and germane(predicate) medical professionals. Primary data will be accumulated by the creation and utilization of a check over directly transmitted to breast cancer survivors and oncological professionals (Ibid). Prior and existing case studies will be evaluated utilizing secondary sources alongside the application of a primary source sur vey issued to the breast cancer survivors and members of the oncologist community (Yin 2003). This research strategy is best suited to facilitate a well rounded evaluation of issues that promote respective(a) perspectives in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the link between Vitamin D supplementation and breast cancer (Lock, Silvermand and Spirduso 2010).3.4 Data army Methods and InstrumentsThe collection methods used in this study werePrimary data use Surveys from survivors and medical professionals (Saunders et al 2007). Secondary breast cancer data via diary and peer reviewed articleThe primary disadvantages rest in the limited cleverness to check answers or develop further details. Further, obtaining primary data may be very high (Yin 2003).7. ReferencesBiggam, J. (2012) Succeeding with Your Masters Dissertation. second ed.Berks. McGraw-HillBoll, Grey, A., Gamble, G. and Reid, I. 2011. Calcium and vitamin D supplements and health outcomes a reanalysis of the Womens health endeavour (WHI) limited-access data set. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 94 (4), pp. 11441149.Brasky, T., Lampe, J., Potter, J., Patterson, R. and White, E. 2010. Specialty supplements and breast cancer risk in the VITamins And Lifestyle (VITAL) Cohort. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers & Prevention, 19 (7), pp. 16961708.Brunner, R., Wactawski-Wende, J., Caan, B., Cochrane, B., Chlebowski, R., Gass, M., Jacobs, E., Lacroix, A., Lane, D., Larson, J. and Others. 2011. The effect of calcium plus vitamin D on risk for invasive cancer results of the Womens Health Initiative (WHI) calcium plus vitamin D randomize clinical trial. Nutrition and cancer, 63 (6), pp. 827841.Bryan and Bell, (2007)Buisness Research Methods Oxford. University PressChung, M., Lee, J., Terasawa, T., Lau, J. and Trikalinos, T. 2011. Vitamin D with or without calcium supplementation for prevention of cancer and fractures an updated meta-analysis for the US Preventive service Task Force. Anna ls of Internal Medicine, 155 (12), pp. 827838.Locke L. F., Silverman S J and Spirduso, W, W (2010, pg 198) Reading and Understanding Research. 3rd ed.Mohr, S., Gorham, E., Alcaraz, J., Kane, C., Macera, C., Parsons, J., Wingard, D. and Garl. 2012. Does the evidence for an inverse relationship between serum vitamin D status and breast cancer risk recompense the Hill criteria?. Dermato-endocrinology, 4 (2), pp. 152157.Pearce, S., Cheetham, T. and Others. 2010. Diagnosis and management of vitamin D deficiency. Bmj, 340 p. 5664.Prentice, R., Pettinger, M., Jackson, R., Wactawski-Wende, J., Lacroix, A., Anderson, G., Chlebowski, R., Manson, J., Van Horn, L., Vitolins, M. and Others. 2013. Health risks and benefits from calcium and vitamin D supplementation Womens Health Initiative clinical trial and cohort study. Osteoporosis International, 24 (2), pp. 567580.Serrano, J., De Lorenzo, D., Cassanye, A., MartIn-Gari, M., Espinel, A., Delgado, M., Pamplona, R. and Portero-Otin, M. 2013. Vit amin D receptor BsmI polymorphism modulates soy intake and 25-hydroxyvitamin D supplementation benefits in cardiovascular disorder risk factors profile.Genes & nutrition, 8 (6), pp. 561569.Souberbielle, J., Body, J., Lappe, J., Plebani, M., Shoenfeld, Y., Wang, T., Bischoff-Ferrari, H., Cavalier, E., Ebeling, P., Fardellone, P. and Others. 2010. Vitamin D and musculoskeletal health, cardiovascular disease, autoimmunity and cancer Recommendations for clinical practice.Autoimmunity reviews, 9 (11), pp. 709715.Thacher, T. and Clarke, B. 2011. Vitamin D insufficiency. 86 (1), pp. 5060.Yin, L., Gr, I, N., Raum, E., Haug, U., Arndt, V. and Brenner, H. 2010. Meta-analysis serum vitamin D and breast cancer risk. European Journal of Cancer, 46 (12), pp. 21962205.Yin, R. 2003. Case study research. railyard Oaks, Calif. Sage Publications.Pallant, J. (2010) SPSS8. Gantt Chart
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